Difference between revisions of "Peak Period Short Services"
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'''Peak Period Short Services''' (PPSS) | [[File:PC3259X 812P.jpg|thumb|right|250px|A Mitsubishi Fuso Rosa BE641JRMDEB on PPSS 812P]] | ||
'''Peak Period Short Services''' (PPSS) were supplementary bus routes connecting residents in major housing estates to nearby bus interchanges and/or MRT stations. They were introduced under the Bus Services Enhancement Programme (BSEP) to alleviate crowding, reduce waiting times and improve service reliability. This initiative was in line with the Ministry of Transport’s announcement at the Committee of Supply 2013 to tap on the resources of private bus operators to run shorter bus services to augment the resources of the PTOs. | |||
All services were scheduled to have at least five departures per hour during peak periods of weekday mornings and evenings. Trips were charged using distance fares, similar to the feeder services that they overlay on. | |||
With the transition to the Bus Contracting Model (BCM), all 14 PPSS services were either withdrawn or renumbered progressively from 1 September 2016 onwards. | |||
==History== | ==History== | ||
On 30th September 2013, the Land Transport Authority called a tender to invite private bus operators to submit their cost proposals to operate the first five | On 30th September 2013, the Land Transport Authority called a tender to invite private bus operators to submit their cost proposals to operate the first five short bus services in Ang Mo Kio, Bedok, Boon Lay, Marsiling and Woodlands estates, overlaying on existing feeder bus services 222, 240, 268, 912 and 913. These services were slated to launch progressively from the second quarter of 2014.<ref>[https://www.lta.gov.sg/content/ltagov/en/newsroom/2013/9/2/new-peak-period-short-services-less-crowding-shorter-waiting-times-for-commuters-on-feeder-services-from-second-quarter.html "New Peak Period Short Services; Less crowding, shorter waiting times for commuters on feeder services from second quarter 2014"]. Land Transport Authority (30 September 2013). Retrieved 18 May 2020.</ref> | ||
On 23rd December 2013, | On 23rd December 2013, another tender was called for five additional PPSS routes in Choa Chu Kang, Pasir Ris and Tampines estates, duplicating existing feeder bus services 291, 293, 307, 358 and 359. These services were slated to launch progressively from third quarter of 2014.<ref>[https://www.lta.gov.sg/content/ltagov/en/newsroom/2013/12/2/five-more-new-peak-period-short-services-less-crowding-shorter-waiting-times-for-commuters-on-feeder-services-from-thir.html "Five More New Peak Period Short Services; Less Crowding, Shorter Waiting Times for Commuters on Feeder Services from Third Quarter 2014"]. Land Transport Authority (23 December 2013). Retrieved 18 May 2020.</ref> | ||
On 21st January 2014, contracts were awarded to three private bus operators with a total value of about $5 million to operate four Peak Period Short Services (PPSS) for two years. PPSS 913P was not awarded as submitted bids were either not compliant with the tender requirements or not competitively priced.<ref>[https://www.lta.gov.sg/content/ltagov/en/newsroom/2014/1/2/contracts-for-first-batch-of-peak-period-short-services-awarded.html "Contracts for First Batch of Peak Period Short Services Awarded"]. Land Transport Authority (21 January 2014). Retrieved 18 May 2020.</ref> | |||
* Commute Solutions LLP: 268P ($1.17 million) & 912P ($1.15 million) | |||
* Tong Tar Transport Services Pte Ltd: 240P ($1.7 million) | |||
* ComfortDelgro Bus Pte Ltd: 222P ($1 million) | |||
On 25th February 2014, the final tender was called for six additional PPSS routes in Ang Mo Kio, Clementi, Yishun, West Coast, Woodlands and Marsiling estates, duplicating existing feeder services 265, 285, 811, 812, 903 and 913. These services were slated to launch progressively from third quarter of 2014.<ref>[https://www.lta.gov.sg/content/ltagov/en/newsroom/2014/2/2/third-tranche-of-six-peak-period-short-services-for-tender.html "Third Tranche of Six Peak Period Short Services for Tender"]. Land Transport Authority (25 February 2014). Retrieved 18 May 2020.</ref> | |||
On 1st April 2014, contracts were awarded to three private bus operators with a total value of about $6.6 million to operate five Peak Period Short Services (PPSS) for two years.<ref>[https://www.lta.gov.sg/content/ltagov/en/newsroom/2014/4/2/contracts-for-five-more-new-peak-period-short-services-awarded.html "Contracts for Five More New Peak Period Short Services Awarded"]. Land Transport Authority (1 April 2014). Retrieved 18 May 2020.</ref> | |||
* Travel GSH Pte Ltd: 291P ($1.5 million), 293P ($1.5 million) & 358P ($1.2 million) | |||
* Woodlands Transport Service Pte Ltd: 307P ($1.3 million) | |||
* Loh Gim Chong Transport: 359P ($1.1 million) | |||
On 9th April 2014, implementation dates for the first tranche of PPSS services were announced.<ref>[https://www.lta.gov.sg/content/ltagov/en/newsroom/2014/4/2/new-peak-period-short-services-from-april-2014.html "New Peak Period Short Services from April 2014"]. Land Transport Authority (9 April 2014). Retrieved 18 May 2020.</ref> | |||
On 2nd June 2014, implementation dates for the second tranche of PPSS services were announced.<ref>[https://www.lta.gov.sg/content/ltagov/en/newsroom/2014/6/2/new-peak-period-short-services-from-june-2014.html "New Peak Period Short Services from June 2014"]. Land Transport Authority (2 June 2014). Retrieved 18 May 2020.</ref> | |||
On 14th October 2014, contracts were awarded to two private bus operators with a total value of about $5.3 million to operate five Peak Period Short Services (PPSS) for two years. Tender for PPSS 913P was not awarded.<ref>[https://www.lta.gov.sg/content/ltagov/en/newsroom/2014/10/2/five-more-peak-period-short-services-to-be-launched-progressively-from-end-2014---less-crowding-shorter-waiting-times-f.html "Five More Peak Period Short Services to be Launched Progressively from End 2014 - Less Crowding, Shorter Waiting Times for Feeder Bus Services"]. Land Transport Authority (14 October 2014). Retrieved 18 May 2020.</ref> | |||
* Bus-Plus Services Pte Ltd: 265P ($0.78 million), 285P ($1.2 million), 811P ($1 million) & 812P ($1 million) | |||
* Rui Feng Chartered Pte Ltd: 903P ($1.3 million) | |||
On 16th December 2014, implementation dates for the third tranche of PPSS services were announced.<ref>[https://www.lta.gov.sg/content/ltagov/en/newsroom/2014/12/2/five-more-new-peak-period-short-services-in-december-and-january.html "Five More New Peak Period Short Services in December and January"]. Land Transport Authority (16 December 2014). Retrieved 18 May 2020.</ref> | |||
On 17th August 2016, SBS Transit announced that they will operate services 222B, 240M, 268B and 268C and implement additional trips on services 291 and 293 from 1st September 2016 with the cessation of PPSS 222P, 240P, 268P, 291P and 293P.<ref>[https://www.sbstransit.com.sg/news/from-1-september-2016-sbs-transit-will-operate-services-222b-240m-and-268b268c "From 1 September 2016, SBS Transit Will Operate Services 222B, 240M And 268B/268C"]. SBS Transit (17 August 2016). Retrieved 18 May 2020.</ref> | |||
On 24th August 2016, SMRT Buses announced that they will operate services 307A and 912M from 1st September 2016 as replacement services for PPSS 307P and 912P.<ref>[https://www.smrt.com.sg/Portals/0/PDFs/Press%20Release/2016/Folding%20in%20of%20PPSS%20(Combined%20posters).pdf?ver=2016-08-24-114005-533 "Folding in of Peak Period Short Services (PPSS)"]. SMRT Corporation (24 August 2016). Retrieved 18 May 2020.</ref> | |||
On 5th September 2016, Land Transport Authority announced that additional trips will be implemented on services 358 and 359 with the withdrawal of PPSS 358P and 359P from 19th September 2016.<ref>[https://twitter.com/LTAsg/status/772600171750227969 "Frm 19 Sep, Peak Period Short Services #PPSS 358P & 359P will be replaced by bus services 358 & 359 respectively"]. Land Transport Authority (5 September 2016). Retrieved 18 May 2020.</ref> | |||
On 16th December 2016, SBS Transit announced that they will operate service 265A as a replacement service for PPSS 265P from 6th January 2017.<ref>[https://www.sbstransit.com.sg/news/from-6-january-2017-sbs-transit-will-operate-service-265a "From 6 January 2017, SBS Transit Will Operate Service 265A"]. SBS Transit (16 December 2016). Retrieved 18 May 2020.</ref> Tower Transit also announced that they will implement additional trips on service 285 with the withdrawal of PPSS 285P from 30th December 2016.<ref>[https://towertransit.sg/news/285p-replacement-of-peak-period-short-service/ "285P: Replacement of Peak Period Short Service"]. Tower Transit Singapore (16 December 2016). Retrieved 18 May 2020.</ref> | |||
On 20th December 2016, Land Transport Authority announced that SMRT Buses will operate service 903M from 13th January 2017 as a replacement service for PPSS 903P, and implement additional trips on services 811 and 812 from 20th January 2017 with the withdrawal of PPSS 811P and 812P.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/WeKeepYourWorldMoving/posts/1299864383417128 "Replacement of Peak Period Short Services"]. Land Transport Authority (20 December 2016). Retrieved 18 May 2020.</ref> | |||
==Route information== | ==Route information== | ||
===Tender 1=== | ===Tender 1=== | ||
{| class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse" | {|class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse" | ||
|- | |-class="PAST" | ||
!Service | |||
! | !Route | ||
! | !Operator(s) | ||
! | !Introduction date | ||
! | !Withdrawal date | ||
! | |||
|- | |- | ||
!222P | !222P | ||
|Bedok | |Bedok Station ↺ Chai Chee Drive | ||
|ComfortDelGro Bus | |||
|29 April 2014 | |29 April 2014 | ||
|1 September 2016<br />''(Replaced by Short-Trip 222B)'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
!240P | !240P | ||
|Lakeside | |Lakeside Station ↺ Jurong West Street 64 | ||
|Tong Tar Transport | |||
|22 April 2014 | |22 April 2014 | ||
|1 September 2016<br />''(Replaced by Feeder 240M)'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
!268P | !268P | ||
|Ang Mo Kio | |Ang Mo Kio Avenue 9 ↔ Ang Mo Kio Station | ||
|Commute Solutions<br />BT & Tan Transport | |||
|06 May 2014 | |06 May 2014 | ||
|1 September 2016<br />''(Replaced by Short-Trips 268B & 268C)'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
!912P | !912P | ||
|Woodlands | |Woodlands Regional Interchange ↺ Woodlands Street 41 | ||
|Commute Solutions<br />BT & Tan Transport | |||
|14 April 2014 | |14 April 2014 | ||
|1 September 2016<br />''(Replaced by Feeder 912M)'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
!<font color="#99999">913P</font> | !<font color="#99999">913P</font> | ||
|<font color="#99999">Woodlands | |<font color="#99999">Woodlands Regional Interchange ↔ Marsiling Road</font> | ||
| | |colspan="3"|<font color="#99999">''Brought forward to Tender 3''</font> | ||
|''Brought forward to Tender 3'' | |||
|} | |} | ||
===Tender 2=== | ===Tender 2=== | ||
{| class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse" | {|class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse" | ||
|- | |-class="PAST" | ||
!Service | |||
! | !Route | ||
! | !Operator(s) | ||
! | !Introduction date | ||
! | !Withdrawal date | ||
! | |||
|- | |- | ||
!291P | !291P | ||
|Tampines | |Tampines Interchange ↺ Tampines Street 33 | ||
|Travel GSH | |||
|24 June 2014 | |||
|1 September 2016 | |||
|- | |- | ||
!293P | !293P | ||
|Tampines | |Tampines Interchange ↺ Tampines Street 45 | ||
|Travel GSH | |||
|24 June 2014 | |||
|1 September 2016 | |||
|- | |- | ||
!307P | !307P | ||
|Choa Chu Kang | |Choa Chu Kang Station ↺ Choa Chu Kang Street 62 | ||
|Woodlands Transport | |||
|30 June 2014 | |30 June 2014 | ||
|1 September 2016<br />''(Replaced by Short-Trip 307A)'' | |||
|- | |- | ||
!358P | !358P | ||
|Pasir Ris | |Pasir Ris Interchange ↺ Pasir Ris Drive 4 | ||
|Travel GSH | |||
|10 June 2014 | |||
|19 September 2016 | |||
|- | |- | ||
!359P | !359P | ||
|Pasir Ris | |Pasir Ris Interchange ↺ Pasir Ris Street 11 | ||
|Loh Gim Chong Transport | |||
|10 June 2014 | |||
|19 September 2016 | |||
|} | |} | ||
===Tender 3=== | ===Tender 3=== | ||
{| class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse" | {|class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse" | ||
|- | |-class="PAST" | ||
!Service | |||
! | !Route | ||
! | !Operator(s) | ||
! | !Introduction date | ||
! | !Withdrawal date | ||
! | |||
|- | |- | ||
!265P | !265P | ||
|Ang Mo Kio | |Ang Mo Kio Interchange ↺ Ang Mo Kio Avenue 10 | ||
|Bus Plus Services | |||
|6 January 2015 | |6 January 2015 | ||
|6 January 2017 | |6 January 2017<br />''(Replaced by Short-Trip 265A)'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!285P | !285P | ||
|Clementi | |Clementi Interchange ↺ West Coast Road | ||
|Bus Plus Services | |||
|30 December 2014 | |30 December 2014 | ||
|30 December 2016 | |30 December 2016 | ||
|- | |- | ||
!811P | !811P | ||
|Yishun | |Yishun Interchange ↺ Yishun Avenue 1 | ||
|Bus Plus Services | |||
|20 January 2015 | |||
|20 January 2017 | |||
|- | |- | ||
!812P | !812P | ||
|Yishun | |Yishun Interchange ↺ Yishun Avenue 3 | ||
|Bus Plus Services | |||
|20 January 2015 | |||
|20 January 2017 | |||
|- | |- | ||
!903P | !903P | ||
|Woodlands | |Woodlands Regional Interchange ↺ Marsiling Lane | ||
|Rui Feng Chartered | |||
|13 January 2015 | |13 January 2015 | ||
|13 January 2017 | |13 January 2017<br />''(Replaced by Feeder 903M)'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<font color="#99999">913P</font> | !<font color="#99999">913P</font> | ||
|<font color="#99999">Woodlands | |<font color="#99999">Woodlands Regional Interchange ↔ Marsiling Road</font> | ||
| | |colspan="3"|<font color="#99999">''Tender not awarded''</font> | ||
|''Tender not awarded'' | |||
|} | |} | ||
== | ==References== | ||
[[PPSS Former Deployments]] | <references/> | ||
==See also== | |||
* [[PPSS Former Deployments]] | |||
[[Category: Buses]] | [[Category:Buses]] |
Revision as of 17:10, 18 May 2020
Peak Period Short Services (PPSS) were supplementary bus routes connecting residents in major housing estates to nearby bus interchanges and/or MRT stations. They were introduced under the Bus Services Enhancement Programme (BSEP) to alleviate crowding, reduce waiting times and improve service reliability. This initiative was in line with the Ministry of Transport’s announcement at the Committee of Supply 2013 to tap on the resources of private bus operators to run shorter bus services to augment the resources of the PTOs.
All services were scheduled to have at least five departures per hour during peak periods of weekday mornings and evenings. Trips were charged using distance fares, similar to the feeder services that they overlay on.
With the transition to the Bus Contracting Model (BCM), all 14 PPSS services were either withdrawn or renumbered progressively from 1 September 2016 onwards.
History
On 30th September 2013, the Land Transport Authority called a tender to invite private bus operators to submit their cost proposals to operate the first five short bus services in Ang Mo Kio, Bedok, Boon Lay, Marsiling and Woodlands estates, overlaying on existing feeder bus services 222, 240, 268, 912 and 913. These services were slated to launch progressively from the second quarter of 2014.[1]
On 23rd December 2013, another tender was called for five additional PPSS routes in Choa Chu Kang, Pasir Ris and Tampines estates, duplicating existing feeder bus services 291, 293, 307, 358 and 359. These services were slated to launch progressively from third quarter of 2014.[2]
On 21st January 2014, contracts were awarded to three private bus operators with a total value of about $5 million to operate four Peak Period Short Services (PPSS) for two years. PPSS 913P was not awarded as submitted bids were either not compliant with the tender requirements or not competitively priced.[3]
- Commute Solutions LLP: 268P ($1.17 million) & 912P ($1.15 million)
- Tong Tar Transport Services Pte Ltd: 240P ($1.7 million)
- ComfortDelgro Bus Pte Ltd: 222P ($1 million)
On 25th February 2014, the final tender was called for six additional PPSS routes in Ang Mo Kio, Clementi, Yishun, West Coast, Woodlands and Marsiling estates, duplicating existing feeder services 265, 285, 811, 812, 903 and 913. These services were slated to launch progressively from third quarter of 2014.[4]
On 1st April 2014, contracts were awarded to three private bus operators with a total value of about $6.6 million to operate five Peak Period Short Services (PPSS) for two years.[5]
- Travel GSH Pte Ltd: 291P ($1.5 million), 293P ($1.5 million) & 358P ($1.2 million)
- Woodlands Transport Service Pte Ltd: 307P ($1.3 million)
- Loh Gim Chong Transport: 359P ($1.1 million)
On 9th April 2014, implementation dates for the first tranche of PPSS services were announced.[6]
On 2nd June 2014, implementation dates for the second tranche of PPSS services were announced.[7]
On 14th October 2014, contracts were awarded to two private bus operators with a total value of about $5.3 million to operate five Peak Period Short Services (PPSS) for two years. Tender for PPSS 913P was not awarded.[8]
- Bus-Plus Services Pte Ltd: 265P ($0.78 million), 285P ($1.2 million), 811P ($1 million) & 812P ($1 million)
- Rui Feng Chartered Pte Ltd: 903P ($1.3 million)
On 16th December 2014, implementation dates for the third tranche of PPSS services were announced.[9]
On 17th August 2016, SBS Transit announced that they will operate services 222B, 240M, 268B and 268C and implement additional trips on services 291 and 293 from 1st September 2016 with the cessation of PPSS 222P, 240P, 268P, 291P and 293P.[10]
On 24th August 2016, SMRT Buses announced that they will operate services 307A and 912M from 1st September 2016 as replacement services for PPSS 307P and 912P.[11]
On 5th September 2016, Land Transport Authority announced that additional trips will be implemented on services 358 and 359 with the withdrawal of PPSS 358P and 359P from 19th September 2016.[12]
On 16th December 2016, SBS Transit announced that they will operate service 265A as a replacement service for PPSS 265P from 6th January 2017.[13] Tower Transit also announced that they will implement additional trips on service 285 with the withdrawal of PPSS 285P from 30th December 2016.[14]
On 20th December 2016, Land Transport Authority announced that SMRT Buses will operate service 903M from 13th January 2017 as a replacement service for PPSS 903P, and implement additional trips on services 811 and 812 from 20th January 2017 with the withdrawal of PPSS 811P and 812P.[15]
Route information
Tender 1
Service | Route | Operator(s) | Introduction date | Withdrawal date |
---|---|---|---|---|
222P | Bedok Station ↺ Chai Chee Drive | ComfortDelGro Bus | 29 April 2014 | 1 September 2016 (Replaced by Short-Trip 222B) |
240P | Lakeside Station ↺ Jurong West Street 64 | Tong Tar Transport | 22 April 2014 | 1 September 2016 (Replaced by Feeder 240M) |
268P | Ang Mo Kio Avenue 9 ↔ Ang Mo Kio Station | Commute Solutions BT & Tan Transport |
06 May 2014 | 1 September 2016 (Replaced by Short-Trips 268B & 268C) |
912P | Woodlands Regional Interchange ↺ Woodlands Street 41 | Commute Solutions BT & Tan Transport |
14 April 2014 | 1 September 2016 (Replaced by Feeder 912M) |
913P | Woodlands Regional Interchange ↔ Marsiling Road | Brought forward to Tender 3 |
Tender 2
Service | Route | Operator(s) | Introduction date | Withdrawal date |
---|---|---|---|---|
291P | Tampines Interchange ↺ Tampines Street 33 | Travel GSH | 24 June 2014 | 1 September 2016 |
293P | Tampines Interchange ↺ Tampines Street 45 | Travel GSH | 24 June 2014 | 1 September 2016 |
307P | Choa Chu Kang Station ↺ Choa Chu Kang Street 62 | Woodlands Transport | 30 June 2014 | 1 September 2016 (Replaced by Short-Trip 307A) |
358P | Pasir Ris Interchange ↺ Pasir Ris Drive 4 | Travel GSH | 10 June 2014 | 19 September 2016 |
359P | Pasir Ris Interchange ↺ Pasir Ris Street 11 | Loh Gim Chong Transport | 10 June 2014 | 19 September 2016 |
Tender 3
Service | Route | Operator(s) | Introduction date | Withdrawal date |
---|---|---|---|---|
265P | Ang Mo Kio Interchange ↺ Ang Mo Kio Avenue 10 | Bus Plus Services | 6 January 2015 | 6 January 2017 (Replaced by Short-Trip 265A) |
285P | Clementi Interchange ↺ West Coast Road | Bus Plus Services | 30 December 2014 | 30 December 2016 |
811P | Yishun Interchange ↺ Yishun Avenue 1 | Bus Plus Services | 20 January 2015 | 20 January 2017 |
812P | Yishun Interchange ↺ Yishun Avenue 3 | Bus Plus Services | 20 January 2015 | 20 January 2017 |
903P | Woodlands Regional Interchange ↺ Marsiling Lane | Rui Feng Chartered | 13 January 2015 | 13 January 2017 (Replaced by Feeder 903M) |
913P | Woodlands Regional Interchange ↔ Marsiling Road | Tender not awarded |
References
- ↑ "New Peak Period Short Services; Less crowding, shorter waiting times for commuters on feeder services from second quarter 2014". Land Transport Authority (30 September 2013). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ↑ "Five More New Peak Period Short Services; Less Crowding, Shorter Waiting Times for Commuters on Feeder Services from Third Quarter 2014". Land Transport Authority (23 December 2013). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ↑ "Contracts for First Batch of Peak Period Short Services Awarded". Land Transport Authority (21 January 2014). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ↑ "Third Tranche of Six Peak Period Short Services for Tender". Land Transport Authority (25 February 2014). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ↑ "Contracts for Five More New Peak Period Short Services Awarded". Land Transport Authority (1 April 2014). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ↑ "New Peak Period Short Services from April 2014". Land Transport Authority (9 April 2014). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ↑ "New Peak Period Short Services from June 2014". Land Transport Authority (2 June 2014). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ↑ "Five More Peak Period Short Services to be Launched Progressively from End 2014 - Less Crowding, Shorter Waiting Times for Feeder Bus Services". Land Transport Authority (14 October 2014). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ↑ "Five More New Peak Period Short Services in December and January". Land Transport Authority (16 December 2014). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ↑ "From 1 September 2016, SBS Transit Will Operate Services 222B, 240M And 268B/268C". SBS Transit (17 August 2016). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ↑ "Folding in of Peak Period Short Services (PPSS)". SMRT Corporation (24 August 2016). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ↑ "Frm 19 Sep, Peak Period Short Services #PPSS 358P & 359P will be replaced by bus services 358 & 359 respectively". Land Transport Authority (5 September 2016). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ↑ "From 6 January 2017, SBS Transit Will Operate Service 265A". SBS Transit (16 December 2016). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ↑ "285P: Replacement of Peak Period Short Service". Tower Transit Singapore (16 December 2016). Retrieved 18 May 2020.
- ↑ "Replacement of Peak Period Short Services". Land Transport Authority (20 December 2016). Retrieved 18 May 2020.