Difference between revisions of "Light Rail Transit"

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{| class="toccolours" style="float: right; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0em 1em;" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
{{Infobox/Line
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | <big><strong>Light Rail Transit (LRT)<br>轻轨列车系统<br>Sistem Rel Ringan<br>இலகு கடவு ரயில்</strong></big>
|TA=RLRT
[[Image:Singapore LRT logo.png|center|70px]]
|Line=LTA
|-
|Name=Light Rail Transit
| style="background:#efefef;" align="center" colspan="2"| <strong>Info</strong>
|Img={{Icon|LRT|W|70px|a=LRT|o={{CSS/LTA|s=|f=}}}}
|-
|Info=
! Owner
{{Infoline|Owner|Land Transport Authority}}
| Land Transport Authority
{{Infoline|Operator(s)|{{SMRT}}<br>{{SBST}}}}
|-
{{Infoline|Number of lines|3}}
! Locale
{{Infoline|Number of stations|42}}
| Singapore
{{Infoline|System length|27.9 km}}
|-
}}
! Transit type
| Automated people mover
|-
! Number of lines
| 3
|-
! Number of stations
| 43 (2 stations closed)
|-
| style="background:#efefef;" align="center" colspan="2"| <strong>Operation</strong>
|-
! Began operation
| 6 November 1999
|-
! Operator(s)
| {{SMRT}}<br>{{SBST}}
|-
| style="background:#efefef;" align="center" colspan="2"| <strong>Technical</strong>
|-
! System length
| 28.8 km
|}


The '''Light Rapid Transit (LRT)''' is the light rail component of Singapore's rail network, consisting of localised rail systems acting as feeder services to the Mass Rapid Transit network. The first LRT line was opened in 1999 and the system has since expanded to three lines, each serving a public housing estate, namely Bukit Panjang, Sengkang and Punggol.
The '''Light Rail Transit (LRT)''', is a series of localised automated guideway transit systems acting as feeder services to the heavy rail Mass Rapid Transit, which together forms the core of rail transport services. The first LRT line was opened in 1999 and the system has since expanded to three lines, each serving a public housing estate, namely [[Bukit Panjang]], [[Sengkang]] and [[Punggol]]. Trains on these lines have at least one station linking it to the MRT and in turn the remainder of the LRT network.


The system is closer to an automated people mover system such as those found in many airports around the world than a traditional light rail system. All the lines are fully automated and elevated, and run on viaducts in order to save scarce land space in Singapore.
==History==
 
In September 1991, the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) unveiled the revised Concept Plan 1991, which proposed a new mode of feeder rail that could serve new towns such as [[Yishun]] and [[Tampines]]. Such systems were to be fully automated and elevated light rail systems to serve as faster alternatives to existing feeder buses.<ref name=nlb>[//eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_538_2005-01-05.html "Infopedia: First Light Rail Transit System"]. National Library Board. Retrieved 26 October 2019.</ref>
Although the [[Changi Airport Skytrain]] people mover, the Sentosa Express and the Jurong BirdPark Panorail is relatively similar to the LRT, they are not part of the system.


Lines are constructed by the Land Transport Authority, with operating concessions currently handed to SMRT Corporation and SBS Transit.
In 1996, the Land Transport Authority (LTA) published a White Paper which outlined its goals for a world-class transport system in Singapore, one of which was the utilisation of LRT systems as feeder services to the MRT network, and the integration of LRT facilities with HDB estates to maximise convenience for residents.<ref name=nlb/>


==History==
===Conception===
The concept of having rail lines which could bring people from door to door without requiring the use of road-based buses was much favoured by the government transport planners, especially with the increased emphasis on a rail-based public transport network. For intra town travel, LRTs were favoured over buses because trains run on dedicated elevated guideways, bypassing any traffic congestion and traffic lights on the roads, and do not add to road traffic. Train arrival and departure times are also almost guaranteed this way. It is also cleaner as the trains are electrically powered, and therefore lessens the effects of air pollution.
The concept of having rail lines which could bring people from door to door without requiring the use of road-based buses was much favoured by the government transport planners, especially with the increased emphasis on a rail-based public transport network. For intra town travel, LRTs were favoured over buses because trains run on dedicated elevated guideways, bypassing any traffic congestion and traffic lights on the roads, and do not add to road traffic. Train arrival and departure times are also almost guaranteed this way. It is also cleaner as the trains are electrically powered, and therefore lessens the effects of air pollution.
===Opening of lines===
The {{BPLRT}} opened on 6 November 1999, with all 14 stations opened at the same time.
The {{SKLRT}} opened in two main stages, the East Loop opening first on 18 January 2003 and most of the West Loop on 29 January 2005. {{STN|L|Farmway| station}} on the West Loop opened on 15 November 2007, {{STN|L|Cheng Lim| station}} and {{STN|L|Kupang| station}} opened 1 January 2013 & 27 June 2015 respectively.
For the {{PGLRT}}, the East Loop started operating on the same day as the Sengkang LRT's West Loop, with two stations closed. {{Stn|Oasis}} was opened for service on 15 June 2007.<sup><font color="#0000FF">(1)</font></sup> {{Stn|Damai| station}} was open on June 20, 2011. The majority of the West Loop opened on 29 June 2014. On 29 February 2016, {{Stn|Sam Kee| station}} opened, {{Stn|Punggol Point| station}} and {{Stn|Samudera| station}} opened on 29 December 2016 and 31 Mar 2017 respectively. Leaving only {{Stn|Teck Lee| station}} closed.


==Infrastructure==
==Infrastructure==
===Current Network===
{|class=wikitable border=1 style="text-align:center;margin:auto"
{|class="wikitable" border="1" cellpadding="6" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: black; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%; text-align:center"
!Line!!Commencement!!width=50|Latest extension!!Terminus!!Stations!!width=50|Length (km)!!Rolling Stocks!!Depot!!Operator!!Control Center
|-
|-
! Line<br>(Operator)
|{{BPLRT}}||6 November 1999||{{N/A}}||{{Stn|Choa Chu Kang}}||13||7.7||[[Adtranz 801|801]]<br>[[Bombardier Innovia 801A|801A]]<br>[[Alstom Innovia 801B|801B]]||[[Ten Mile Junction Depot]]||{{SMRT}}||[[Ten Mile Junction Depot]]
! Opening Year
! Latest Extension
! colspan="2"| Termini
! Station
! Length<br>(km)
! Depot along line
|-
|-
| {{BPLRT}}<br>(SMRT Light Rail)
|{{SKLRT}}||18 January 2003||2015||{{Stn|Sengkang}}||14||10.6||rowspan=2|[[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 810|810]]<br>[[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 810A|810A]]||rowspan=2|[[Sengkang Depot]]||rowspan=2|{{SBST}}||rowspan=2|[[Sengkang Depot]]
| 1999
| N/A
| {{Stn|Choa Chu Kang}}
| {{Stn|Ten Mile Junction}}
| 14
| 7.8
| [[Ten Mile Junction Depot|Ten Mile Junction]]
|-
|-
| {{SKLRT}}<br>(SBS Transit)
|{{PGLRT}}||29 January 2005||2017||{{Stn|Punggol}}||15||9.6
| 2003
| 2015
| colspan="2" | {{Stn|Sengkang}}
| 14
| 10.7
| [[Sengkang Depot|Sengkang]]
|-
| {{PGLRT}}<br>(SBS Transit)
| 2005
| 2017
| colspan="2" | {{Stn|Punggol}}
| 15
| 10.3
| [[Sengkang Depot|Sengkang]]
|}
|}
===Facilities===
Since the LRT was built in the 1990s, plans for barrier-free facilities were included during the planning stages. All stations are equipped with these facilities, thus there will be no difficulty for the handicapped. Barrier free facilities include, lifts, ramps, tactile guidance system, toilets with handicapped friendly facilities, all stations include wide faregates. These barrier free facilities will be included in all future LRT stations.
===Lines===
====Bukit Panjang LRT====
The [[Bukit Panjang LRT]] (BPLRT) is a 7.8 km light rail line opened in 1999 and part of Singapore's light rail system. It is currently operated by SMRT Light Rail, a subsidiary of SMRT Corporation.
====Sengkang LRT====
The [[Sengkang LRT]] (SKLRT) is a 10.7 km light rail line which partly opened on 18 January 2003. It is currently operated by SBS Transit. It forms part of the LRT system together with the other two lines.
====Punggol LRT====
The [[Punggol LRT]] (PGLRT) is a light rail line in Singapore within the LRT system. Its first phase, which comprises a 10.3 km light rail line with 15 stations, began operating on 29 January 2005 (with the exception of {{Stn|Oasis}}, which was opened on 15 June 2007 and {{Stn|Damai| stations}}, which was opened on 20 June 2011). It is currently operated by SBS Transit.
===Depots===
The LRT system consists of two depots, which run the maintenance, inspection, train overhaul facilities and house the cars overnight. The [[Ten Mile Junction Depot]] houses cars for [[Bukit Panjang LRT]], and the [[Sengkang Depot]] houses cars for the [[Sengkang LRT]] & [[Punggol LRT]], together with the [[North East Line]] of the Mass Rapid Transit.
==Expansion==
The Land Transport Authority has announced that unless there is a new township that is going to be heavily built up, there are currently no plans to expand the LRT network further. All plans to expand the LRT network, whose role can be fulfilled by feeder buses, have been put on hold.<sup><font color="#0000FF">(2)</font></sup>
Past plans included a northern spur line for Punggol LRT, in addition to the current east and west loops. Another plan put on hold is the Jurong Region LRT,<sup>[http://www.lta.gov.sg/projects/index_proj_rail.htm "Other Rail Projects" (3)]</sup> which was aimed to serve residents of Jurong East and West housing towns, and the campus of NTU.<sup>[http://www.hdb.gov.sg/fi10/fi10296p.nsf/0/E3DD372368CF8AAD482570830021FE5B?OpenDocument (4)][http://app.mot.gov.sg/data/s_01_10_23.html (5)]</sup>
==Rolling stock==
The trains on the LRT system are fitted with rubber tyres, rather than steel wheels, on specially-constructed guideways from which its power is also sourced. All cars are fully automated and driverless, and are controlled from their respective depots.
19 [[Bombardier Innovia APM 100]]s operate on the [[Bukit Panjang LRT]]. Capable of operating at a maximum speed of 55 km/h, its pioneers can be traced to as early as 1990, when Westinghouse and Adtranz (acquired by Bombardier) co-operatively built the skytrain system for the Singapore Changi Airport with the same design. However, the Bombardier stock was fraught with unreliability and technical glitches. The CX-100 cars can be coupled to operate in pairs during peak hours.
The [[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries C810]] are the newer rolling stock of the Singapore LRT system, operating on the [[Sengkang LRT]] and [[Punggol LRT]]. Built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries of Japan, it currently maintains a cleaner record of reliability. The Crystal Movers are now used on [[Changi Airport Skytrain]] system.
With the further expansion, 13 [[Bombardier INNOVIA C801A]] were being ordered for the [[Bukit Panjang LRT]], which is make up to 32 trains and began operation on 19 November 2014 while [[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries C810A]] were being ordered for the [[Sengkang LRT]] and [[Punggol LRT]], which are make up to 57 trains which began operation on 5 April 2016.
==Fares and ticketing==
The Light Rail Transit uses the same ticketing system as the [[Mass Rapid Transit]]. It uses the contactless [[EZ-Link]] smart card and a standard single trip ticket. [[Bukit Panjang LRT]] uses Turnstile Faregates in all stations. While remaining follows MRT standard.
==Safety==
Numerous incidents have occurred on the Bukit Panjang LRT since its inception in 1999. Two [[Bombardier Innovia APM 100]] trains collided head to back at [[Phoenix LRT Station|Phoenix station]] in 2000, the Land Transport Authority fined SMRT $10,000 for the collision. The Bukit Panjang LRT had service disrupted more than 100 times. Again in 2002, a dislodged train wheel caused the entire shut down of the system for a few days, as it crippled the power system and the rail at the incident was damaged and had to be repaired.
On 24 November 2015, LTA announced the installation of Platform Barriers to all 42 LRT stations on entire system to prevent falls.


==References==
==References==
# Daphne Chuah, "This Oasis opens for business today", Today, 15 June 2007
<references/>
# "Groundwork begins for new MRT lines", Christoper Tan, The Straits Times, 13 March 2006
# "Other Rail Projects", Land Transport Authority, Retrieved 12 April 2006
# "Development Plans for Jurong West", Housing and Development Board, Retrieved 12 April 2006
# SPEECH BY MR YEO CHEOW TONG MINISTER FOR COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AT THE OFFICIAL OPENING OF DOVER STATION ON 23 OCT 2001, TUESDAY, 3.00PM, Ministry of Transport


==Related Links==
{{Railway Lines}}
{{Railway Lines in Singapore}}
{{Singapore LRT stations}}
{{Light Rail Transit}}
{{Light Rail Transit}}
[[Category:Light Rail Transit]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Singapore]]

Latest revision as of 18:33, 15 August 2024


!
 TRAVEL ADVISORY
!
SMRT Trains
  • From Sunday, 14 November 2024 to 31 October 2025, Train Services on the Bukit Panjang LRT will end an hour earlier at 22:30 every Thursday to Sunday (except Public Holidays). This is to facilitate the upgrading of the BPLRT signalling system, as well as the testing of the new and retrofitted Light Rail Vehicles (LRVs) on the BPLRT network. Please refer here for more information.
Land Transport Authority SMRT Trains
  • From Saturday, 7 December 2024 to 10 December 2024. There will be no train service between Tampines station and Tanah Merah station with Simei station being closed. This is to prepare for the opening of the new East Coast Integrated Depot (ECID) in 2026, LTA and SMRT will be undertaking a series of works to facilitate the connection of tracks from the existing East–West Line to the ECID. Shuttle Buses will be operating at intervals of 5 mins.
  • Please refer
    • here for more information on the adjustments.
    • here for Shuttle Bus and Train arrangements.
    • here for the work map.
Land Transport Authority SBS Transit
Land Transport Authority SBS Transit
  • From Sunday, 24 November 2024, Bus Services , & will call at new bus stops.
  • Please refer here for more information.
SBS Transit
On Sunday, 24 November 2024, Bus Services , , & will be affected by road closure on Nicoll Highway from the First Bus to 10.00am. Please refer here for more information.
Land Transport Authority Tower Transit
  • From Monday, 25 November 2024, City Direct Service will be introduced from Tengah Drive to the Central Business District (CBD), operating during morning and evening peak hours. Please refer here for more information.
Land Transport Authority Go-Ahead
  • From Monday, 25 November 2024, City Direct Service will be extended to Bayfront Avenue, Temasek Avenue, Temasek Boulevard and Raffles Boulevard. An additional trip will operate during morning peak period and its frequency will be improved from 15 minutes to 10 minutes. Please refer here for more information.
Land Transport Authority SBS Transit SMRT Buses
  • From Sunday, 1 December 2024, Compassvale Bus Interchange will close following the opening of Buangkok Bus Interchange. Bus Services , & will be amended to operate from Buangkok Bus Interchange while Bus Service will be amended to operate from Sengkang Interchange.
  • Please refer to the following for more information.
    • SBS Transit
    • SMRT Buses
Land Transport Authority Go-Ahead
  • From Sunday, 8 December 2024, Bus Services & will each call at an additional bus stop outside and opposite Blk 437B respectively. Please refer here for more information.
Land Transport Authority SBS Transit
  • From Monday, 9 December 2024, Supplementary Bus Service will be introduced to provide a faster connection to the Tampines town centre and transport hub for residents in the Tampines North and west areas. Please refer here for more information.
Light Rail Transit
LRT
Statistics
Owner Land Transport Authority
Operator(s) SMRT Trains
SBS Transit
Number of lines 3
Number of stations 42
System length 27.9 km

The Light Rail Transit (LRT), is a series of localised automated guideway transit systems acting as feeder services to the heavy rail Mass Rapid Transit, which together forms the core of rail transport services. The first LRT line was opened in 1999 and the system has since expanded to three lines, each serving a public housing estate, namely Bukit Panjang, Sengkang and Punggol. Trains on these lines have at least one station linking it to the MRT and in turn the remainder of the LRT network.

History[edit]

In September 1991, the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) unveiled the revised Concept Plan 1991, which proposed a new mode of feeder rail that could serve new towns such as Yishun and Tampines. Such systems were to be fully automated and elevated light rail systems to serve as faster alternatives to existing feeder buses.[1]

In 1996, the Land Transport Authority (LTA) published a White Paper which outlined its goals for a world-class transport system in Singapore, one of which was the utilisation of LRT systems as feeder services to the MRT network, and the integration of LRT facilities with HDB estates to maximise convenience for residents.[1]

The concept of having rail lines which could bring people from door to door without requiring the use of road-based buses was much favoured by the government transport planners, especially with the increased emphasis on a rail-based public transport network. For intra town travel, LRTs were favoured over buses because trains run on dedicated elevated guideways, bypassing any traffic congestion and traffic lights on the roads, and do not add to road traffic. Train arrival and departure times are also almost guaranteed this way. It is also cleaner as the trains are electrically powered, and therefore lessens the effects of air pollution.

Infrastructure[edit]

Line Commencement Latest extension Terminus Stations Length (km) Rolling Stocks Depot Operator Control Center
Bukit Panjang LRT 6 November 1999 N/A Choa Chu Kang 13 7.7 801
801A
801B		 Ten Mile Junction Depot SMRT Trains Ten Mile Junction Depot
Sengkang LRT 18 January 2003 2015 Sengkang 14 10.6 810
810A		 Sengkang Depot SBS Transit Sengkang Depot
Punggol LRT 29 January 2005 2017 Punggol 15 9.6

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Infopedia: First Light Rail Transit System". National Library Board. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
Railway Lines in Singapore [ V • T • E ]
Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) North–South Line • East–West Line • North East Line • Circle Line • Downtown Line • Thomson–East Coast Line
FutureJurong Region Line • Cross Island Line
Light Rail Transit (LRT) Bukit Panjang LRT • Sengkang LRT • Punggol LRT
Cross-border KTM Intercity
FutureJohor Bahru–Singapore Rapid Transit System
Others Changi Airport Skytrain • Sentosa Express
DefunctSentosa Monorail
icon Light Rail Transit [ V • T • E ]
Overview History • Stations • Fare and Ticketing • Facilities • Safety • Security
Lines Bukit Panjang LRT • Sengkang LRT • Punggol LRT
Rolling Stocks 801 • 801A • 801B • 810 • 810A
Future810D
Depots Sengkang • Ten Mile Junction
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