Difference between revisions of "Light Rail Transit"

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{| class="toccolours" style="float: right; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 0em 1em;" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
{{Infobox/Line
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center" | <big><strong>Light Rail Transit (LRT)<br>轻轨列车系统<br>Sistem Rel Ringan<br>இலகு கடவு ரயில்</strong></big>
|TA=RLRT
[[Image:Singapore LRT logo.png|center|70px]]
|Line=LTA
|-
|Name=Light Rail Transit
| style="background:#efefef;" align="center" colspan="2"| <strong>Info</strong>
|Img={{Icon|LRT|W|70px|a=LRT|o={{CSS/LTA|s=|f=}}}}
|-
|Info=
! Owner
{{Infoline|Owner|Land Transport Authority}}
| Land Transport Authority
{{Infoline|Operator(s)|{{SMRT}}<br>{{SBST}}}}
|-
{{Infoline|Number of lines|3}}
! Locale
{{Infoline|Number of stations|41}}
| Singapore
{{Infoline|System length|27.9 km}}
|-
}}
! Transit type
| Automated people mover
|-
! Number of lines
| 3
|-
! Number of stations
| 43 (9 stations closed)
|-
| style="background:#efefef;" align="center" colspan="2"| <strong>Operation</strong>
|-
! Began operation
| 6 November 1999
|-
! Operator(s)
| SMRT Corporation<br>SBS Transit
|-
| style="background:#efefef;" align="center" colspan="2"| <strong>Technical</strong>
|-
! System length
| 28.8 km
|}


The '''Light Rapid Transit (LRT)''' is the light rail component of Singapore's rail network, consisting of localised rail systems acting as feeder services to the Mass Rapid Transit network. The first LRT line was opened in 1999 and the system has since expanded to three lines, each serving a public housing estate, namely Bukit Panjang, Sengkang and Punggol.
The '''Light Rail Transit (LRT)''', is a series of localised automated guideway transit systems acting as feeder services to the heavy rail Mass Rapid Transit, which together forms the core of rail transport services. The first LRT line was opened in 1999 and the system has since expanded to three lines, each serving a public housing estate, namely [[Bukit Panjang]], [[Sengkang]] and [[Punggol]]. Trains on these lines have at least one station linking it to the MRT and in turn the remainder of the LRT network.


The system is closer to an automated people mover system such as those found in many airports around the world than a traditional light rail system. All the lines are fully automated and elevated, and run on viaducts in order to save scarce land space in Singapore.
==History==
 
In September 1991, the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) unveiled the revised Concept Plan 1991, which proposed a new mode of feeder rail that could serve new towns such as [[Yishun]] and [[Tampines]]. Such systems were to be fully automated and elevated light rail systems to serve as faster alternatives to existing feeder buses.<ref name=nlb>[//eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_538_2005-01-05.html "Infopedia: First Light Rail Transit System"]. National Library Board. Retrieved 26 October 2019.</ref>
Although the [[Changi Airport Skytrain]] people mover, the Sentosa Express and the Jurong BirdPark Panorail is relatively similar to the LRT, they are not part of the system.


Lines are constructed by the Land Transport Authority, with operating concessions currently handed to [[SMRT Corporation]] and SBS Transit.
In 1996, the Land Transport Authority (LTA) published a White Paper which outlined its goals for a world-class transport system in Singapore, one of which was the utilisation of LRT systems as feeder services to the MRT network, and the integration of LRT facilities with HDB estates to maximise convenience for residents.<ref name=nlb/>


==History==
===Conception===
The concept of having rail lines which could bring people from door to door without requiring the use of road-based buses was much favoured by the government transport planners, especially with the increased emphasis on a rail-based public transport network. For intra town travel, LRTs were favoured over buses because trains run on dedicated elevated guideways, bypassing any traffic congestion and traffic lights on the roads, and do not add to road traffic. Train arrival and departure times are also almost guaranteed this way. It is also cleaner as the trains are electrically powered, and therefore lessens the effects of air pollution.
The concept of having rail lines which could bring people from door to door without requiring the use of road-based buses was much favoured by the government transport planners, especially with the increased emphasis on a rail-based public transport network. For intra town travel, LRTs were favoured over buses because trains run on dedicated elevated guideways, bypassing any traffic congestion and traffic lights on the roads, and do not add to road traffic. Train arrival and departure times are also almost guaranteed this way. It is also cleaner as the trains are electrically powered, and therefore lessens the effects of air pollution.
===Opening of lines===
The [[Bukit Panjang LRT]] opened on 6 November 1999, with all 14 stations opened at the same time.
The [[Sengkang LRT]] opened in two main stages, the East Loop opening first on 18 January 2003 and most of the West Loop on 29 January 2005. [[Farmway LRT Station|Farmway Station]] on the West Loop opened on 15 November 2007, but [[Cheng Lim LRT Station|Cheng Lim]] and [[Kupang LRT Station|Kupang stations]] remain closed and will only be opened for passenger service when the areas surrounding these stations are further developed.
For the [[Punggol LRT]], the East Loop started operating on the same day as the Sengkang LRT's West Loop, with two stations closed. [[Oasis LRT Station|Oasis]] was opened for service on 15 June 2007.<sup><font color="#0000FF">(1)</font></sup> [[Damai LRT Station|Damai Station]] was open on June 20, 2011. The West Loop remains closed and will only be opened for passenger service when the station surroundings are further developed.


==Infrastructure==
==Infrastructure==
===Current Network===
{|class=wikitable border=1 style="text-align:center;margin:auto"
{|class="wikitable" border="1" cellpadding="6" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; color: black; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%; text-align:center"
!Line!!Commencement!!width=50|Latest extension!!Terminus!!Stations!!width=50|Length (km)!!Rolling Stocks!!Depot!!Operator!!Control Center
|-
! rowspan="7" align="left"|[[Image:MRT and LRT System Maps.png|frameless|upright=1.50|centre|Network map]]
! Line<br>(Operator)
! Opening Year
! Latest Extension
! colspan="2"| Termini
! Station
! Length<br>(km)
! Depot along line
|-
|-
| [[Bukit Panjang LRT|<font color=#748477>'''Bukit Panjang LRT'''</font>]]<br>(SMRT Light Rail)
|{{BPLRT}}||6 November 1999||{{N/A}}||{{Stn|Choa Chu Kang}}||13||7.7||[[Adtranz 801|801]]<br>[[Bombardier Innovia 801A|801A]]||[[Ten Mile Junction Depot]]||{{SMRT}}||[[Ten Mile Junction Depot]]
| 1999
| N/A
| [[Choa Chu Kang LRT Station|Choa Chu Kang]]
| [[Ten Mile Junction LRT Station|Ten Mile Junction]]
| 14
| 7.8
| [[Ten Mile Junction Depot|Ten Mile Junction]]
|-
|-
| [[Sengkang LRT|<font color=#748477>'''Sengkang LRT'''</font>]]<br>(SBS Transit)
|{{SKLRT}}||18 January 2003||2015||{{Stn|Sengkang}}||14||10.6||rowspan=2|[[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 810|810]]<br>[[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries 810A|810A]]||rowspan=2|[[Sengkang Depot]]||rowspan=2|{{SBST}}||rowspan=2|[[Sengkang Depot]]
| 2003
| 2005
| colspan="2" | [[Sengkang LRT Station|Sengkang]]
| 14
| 10.7
| [[Sengkang Depot|Sengkang]]
|-
|-
| [[Punggol LRT|<font color=#748477>'''Punggol LRT'''</font>]]<br>(SBS Transit)
|{{PGLRT}}||29 January 2005||2017||{{Stn|Punggol}}||14||9.6
| 2005
| N/A
| colspan="2" | [[Punggol LRT Station|Punggol]]
| 15
| 10.3
| [[Sengkang Depot|Sengkang]]
|}
|}
===Facilities===
Since the LRT was built in the 1990s, plans for barrier-free facilities were included during the planning stages. All stations are equipped with these facilities, thus there will be no difficulty for the handicapped. Barrier free facilities include, lifts, ramps, tactile guidance system, toilets with handicapped friendly facilities, all stations include wide faregates. These barrier free facilities will be included in all future LRT stations.
===Lines===
====Bukit Panjang LRT====
The [[Bukit Panjang LRT]] (BPLRT) is a 7.8 km light rail line opened in 1999 and part of Singapore's light rail system. It is currently operated by SMRT Light Rail, a subsidiary of [[SMRT Corporation]].
====Sengkang LRT====
The [[Sengkang LRT]] (SKLRT) is a 10.7 km light rail line which partly opened on 18 January 2003. It is currently operated by [[SBS Transit]]. It forms part of the LRT system together with the other two lines.
====Punggol LRT====
The [[Punggol LRT]] (PGLRT) is a light rail line in Singapore within the LRT system. Its first phase, which comprises a 10.3 km light rail line with 15 stations, began operating on 29 January 2005 (with the exception of [[Oasis LRT Station|Oasis]], which was opened on 15 June 2007 and [[Damai LRT Station|Damai]] LRT Stations, which was opened on 20 June 2011). It is currently operated by SBS Transit.
===Depots===
The LRT system consists of two depots, which run the maintenance, inspection, train overhaul facilities and house the cars overnight. The [[Ten Mile Junction Depot]] houses cars for [[Bukit Panjang LRT]], and the [[Sengkang Depot]] houses cars for the [[Sengkang LRT]] & [[Punggol LRT]], together with the [[North East Line]] of the Mass Rapid Transit.
==Expansion==
The Land Transport Authority has announced that unless there is a new township that is going to be heavily built up, there are currently no plans to expand the LRT network further. All plans to expand the LRT network, whose role can be fulfilled by feeder buses, have been put on hold.<sup><font color="#0000FF">(2)</font></sup>
Past plans included a northern spur line for Punggol LRT, in addition to the current east and west loops. Another plan put on hold is the Jurong Region LRT,<sup>[http://www.lta.gov.sg/projects/index_proj_rail.htm "Other Rail Projects" (3)]</sup> which was aimed to serve residents of Jurong East and West housing towns, and the campus of NTU.<sup>[http://www.hdb.gov.sg/fi10/fi10296p.nsf/0/E3DD372368CF8AAD482570830021FE5B?OpenDocument (4)][http://app.mot.gov.sg/data/s_01_10_23.html (5)]</sup> But i was now used on the [[Jurong Region Line]].
==Rolling stock==
The trains on the LRT system are fitted with rubber tyres, rather than steel wheels, on specially-constructed guideways from which its power is also sourced. All cars are fully automated and driverless, and are controlled from their respective depots.
19 [[Bombardier Innovia APM 100]]s operate on the [[Bukit Panjang LRT]]. Capable of operating at a maximum speed of 55 km/h, its pioneers can be traced to as early as 1990, when Westinghouse and Adtranz (acquired by Bombardier) co-operatively built the skytrain system for the Singapore Changi Airport with the same design. However, the Bombardier stock was fraught with unreliability and technical glitches. The CX-100 cars can be coupled to operate in pairs during peak hours.
The [[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries C810]] are the newer rolling stock of the Singapore LRT system, operating on the [[Sengkang LRT]] and [[Punggol LRT]]. Built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries of Japan, it currently maintains a cleaner record of reliability. The Crystal Movers are now used on [[Changi Airport Skytrain]] system.
==Fares and ticketing==
The Light Rail Transit uses the same ticketing system as the [[Mass Rapid Transit]]. It uses the contactless [[EZ-Link]] smart card and a standard single trip ticket.
==Safety==
Numerous incidents have occurred on the Bukit Panjang LRT since its inception in 1999. Two [[Bombardier Innovia APM 100]] trains collided head to back at [[Phoenix LRT Station|Phoenix station]] in 2000, the Land Transport Authority fined SMRT $10,000 for the collision. The Bukit Panjang LRT had service disrupted more than 100 times. Again in 2002, a dislodged train wheel caused the entire shut down of the system for a few days, as it crippled the power system and the rail at the incident was damaged and had to be repaired.
On 24 November 2015, LTA has announced to install a Platform Barriers to 42 LRT stations on entire system to prevent falls. When they have Platform Barriers, they won't install doors but they will have fixed opening to place where the train stops. It will also be installed on [[Sengkang MRT/LRT Station|Sengkang Station]] as well. Recently, [[Bukit Panjang MRT/LRT Station|Bukit Panjang]] and [[Choa Chu Kang MRT/LRT Station|Choa Chu Kang]] has Platform Barriers. And the rest will be installed in 2017/2018 and completion is 2018.


==References==
==References==
# Daphne Chuah, "This Oasis opens for business today", Today, 15 June 2007
<references/>
# "Groundwork begins for new MRT lines", Christoper Tan, The Straits Times, 13 March 2006
# "Other Rail Projects", Land Transport Authority, Retrieved 12 April 2006
# "Development Plans for Jurong West", Housing and Development Board, Retrieved 12 April 2006
# SPEECH BY MR YEO CHEOW TONG MINISTER FOR COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AT THE OFFICIAL OPENING OF DOVER STATION ON 23 OCT 2001, TUESDAY, 3.00PM, Ministry of Transport


==Related Links==
{{Railway Lines}}
{{Railway Lines in Singapore}}
{{Singapore LRT stations}}
{{Light Rail Transit}}
{{Light Rail Transit}}
[[Category:Light Rail Transit]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Singapore]]

Latest revision as of 22:37, 5 March 2024


!
 TRAVEL ADVISORY
!
Land Transport Authority SMRT
  • Train services between Tanjong Rhu and Bayshore stations (Thomson–East Coast Line Stage 4) will begin on Sunday, 23 June 2024. Free rides are available between those stations on Friday, 21 June 2024. Please refer here for more information.
Land Transport Authority SMRT
  • To facilitate testing on new trains, from 22 March 2024 to 30 June 2024, train service on the Bukit Panjang LRT will end earlier at 10.30pm on Fridays, Saturdays, and Sundays. Please refer here for more information.
SBS Transit
  • From Sunday, 28 April 2024, feeder bus service
    296
     will be introduced, plying between Tampines Int and Tampines North Dr 2 (Loop).

Please refer here for more information.

SBS Transit
  • From Sunday, 28 April 2024, bus services
    11
     and
    158
     will call at a pair of new bus stops along Tanjong Rhu Road to enhance connectivity to the upcoming Tanjong Rhu Station on the Thomson-East Coast Line. Please refer here for more information.
Light Rail Transit
LRT
Statistics
Owner Land Transport Authority
Operator(s) SMRT
SBS Transit
Number of lines 3
Number of stations 41
System length 27.9 km

The Light Rail Transit (LRT), is a series of localised automated guideway transit systems acting as feeder services to the heavy rail Mass Rapid Transit, which together forms the core of rail transport services. The first LRT line was opened in 1999 and the system has since expanded to three lines, each serving a public housing estate, namely Bukit Panjang, Sengkang and Punggol. Trains on these lines have at least one station linking it to the MRT and in turn the remainder of the LRT network.

History[edit]

In September 1991, the Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) unveiled the revised Concept Plan 1991, which proposed a new mode of feeder rail that could serve new towns such as Yishun and Tampines. Such systems were to be fully automated and elevated light rail systems to serve as faster alternatives to existing feeder buses.[1]

In 1996, the Land Transport Authority (LTA) published a White Paper which outlined its goals for a world-class transport system in Singapore, one of which was the utilisation of LRT systems as feeder services to the MRT network, and the integration of LRT facilities with HDB estates to maximise convenience for residents.[1]

The concept of having rail lines which could bring people from door to door without requiring the use of road-based buses was much favoured by the government transport planners, especially with the increased emphasis on a rail-based public transport network. For intra town travel, LRTs were favoured over buses because trains run on dedicated elevated guideways, bypassing any traffic congestion and traffic lights on the roads, and do not add to road traffic. Train arrival and departure times are also almost guaranteed this way. It is also cleaner as the trains are electrically powered, and therefore lessens the effects of air pollution.

Infrastructure[edit]

Line Commencement Latest extension Terminus Stations Length (km) Rolling Stocks Depot Operator Control Center
Bukit Panjang LRT 6 November 1999 N/A Choa Chu Kang 13 7.7 801
801A		 Ten Mile Junction Depot SMRT Ten Mile Junction Depot
Sengkang LRT 18 January 2003 2015 Sengkang 14 10.6 810
810A		 Sengkang Depot SBS Transit Sengkang Depot
Punggol LRT 29 January 2005 2017 Punggol 14 9.6

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Infopedia: First Light Rail Transit System". National Library Board. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
Railway Lines in Singapore [ V • T • E ]
Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) North–South Line • East–West Line • North East Line • Circle Line • Downtown Line • Thomson–East Coast Line
FutureJurong Region Line • Cross Island Line
Light Rail Transit (LRT) Bukit Panjang LRT • Sengkang LRT • Punggol LRT
Cross-border KTM Intercity
FutureJohor Bahru–Singapore Rapid Transit System
Others Changi Airport Skytrain • Sentosa Express
DefunctSentosa Monorail
icon Light Rail Transit [ V • T • E ]
Overview History • Stations • Fare and Ticketing • Facilities • Safety • Security
Lines Bukit Panjang LRT • Sengkang LRT • Punggol LRT
Rolling Stocks 801 • 801A • 810 • 810A
Future801B • 810D
Depots Sengkang • Ten Mile Junction
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